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====== SPECFEM3D ======

[[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d|SPECFEM3D Software Page]]

===== Tutorials =====

==== Tutorial 1: Homogeneous halfspace ====

The following instructions assume that you have installed [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D]] and familiarized yourself with how you will run the package based on your computer configuration, as detailed in the [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D User manual]] (Chapter 2 provides installation help). Additionally, we will make use of an external, hexahedral mesher [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]. Please make sure you have these packages installed on your system.

The example is distributed with the package under the examples/ directory. However, you might need to edit these example scripts slightly to launch them on your system.

=== Homogeneous halfspace ===

This is a step-by-step tutorial how to create a mesh for a homogeneous halfspace, export it into a [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D]] file format and run the mesh partitioning and database generation.

=== Meshing ===

 In the following, we will run a python script within [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]] to create the needed mesh files for the partitioner.

1. change your working directory to the example folder:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/homogeneous_halfspace

2. start the graphical user interface (GUI) of [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]:  
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ claro

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit12.jpg?direct&640|}}
  
3. run the python file "block_mesh.py":
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file 'block_mesh.py'

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_homogeneous_openscript.jpg?direct&400|}}

4. in case the script executed successfully, it should create you a single volume with a regular mesh

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_homogeneous.jpg?direct&640|}}

check that the script created a new folder "MESH/" containing the files:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ ls -1 MESH/
  absorbing_surface_file_bottom
  absorbing_surface_file_xmax
  absorbing_surface_file_xmin
  absorbing_surface_file_ymax
  absorbing_surface_file_ymin
  free_surface_file
  materials_file
  mesh_file
  nodes_coords_file
  nummaterial_velocity_file

you can also check if the export was successful by examining the output in the Command line window of CUBIT. The sensitive part should look like

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_commandline.jpg?direct&400|Cubit Commandline}}


5. optionally, you could modify the material properties of the halfspace, by going to change the block properties 

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_properties.jpg?direct&400|}}

the following table applies for elastic material properties:

^ **Name** ^ block name must start with "elastic" for elastic materials followed by a unique identifier ''material_id'' ^
| **Attribute 1** | Material ID |
| **Attribute 2** | P-wave speed |
| **Attribute 3** | S-wave speed |
| **Attribute 4** | Density |
| **Attribute 5** | Quality factor |
| **Attribute 6** | Anisotropy flag |

Once you changed the properties, you will have to re-export the mesh. This can be done, using the script ''run_cubit2specfem3d.py'':
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file "run_cubit2specfem3d.py"

This should refresh the files in directory "MESH/".

----

=== Setting up example folder for simulations ===

We will set up the example folder for simulation runs: 

* databases directory:
create a directory ''in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/'' into which you will put the mesh partitions:
  
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/homogeneous_halfspace
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ mkdir -p in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI

* parameter files:
make sure you have the parameter files in a local directory ''in_data_files/'' for the example:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ ls -1 in_data_files/
  Par_file
  CMTSOLUTION
  STATIONS

these files should already be provided in the example folder.

* executables: 
compile the executables in the root directory:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/
  [SPECFEM3D]$ make

in case the compilation was successful, it will create the executables ''xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH'', ''xgenerate_databases'' and ''xspecfem3D'' in the ''bin/'' directory
    
and create a local directory ''bin/'' to link the executables from the root directory:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/homogeneous_halfspace
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ mkdir -p bin    
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xgenerate_databases
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xspecfem3D

All these steps and the following decomposition, database generation and solver run are put in a ''process.sh'' bash script file in the example folder. You can simply run the script:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ ./process.sh

to do the setup and following steps for you. Please modify and adapt the script to your needs.


----

=== Mesh partitioning ===

In this example, we will partition the mesh for 4 CPU cores.
  
run the mesh partitioner:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ ./bin/xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH 4 MESH/ in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/

check that this created the mesh partitions:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ ls -1 in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/
  proc000000_Database
  proc000001_Database
  proc000002_Database
  proc000003_Database

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:scotch_partitions.jpg?direct&400|}}

You are done.

----

=== Database generation ===

 Next, you will need to create the mesh databases.

1. in case you can run parallel programs on your desktop (needs an MPI installation), you can run the executable like:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ mpirun -np 4 ./xgenerate_databases

otherwise, you will need to modify and adapt one of the cluster scripts provided in the ''SPECFEM3D/utils/Cluster/'' directory.

2. check the output file ''in_out_files/OUTPUT_FILES/output_mesher.txt'' to see if the databases were generated successfully.
The output file contains the suggested time step for your mesh:
  Verification of simulation parameters 
  ...
  Minimum period resolved =    2.115564 
  **Maximum suggested time step =   6.8863556E-02** 

----

=== Forward simulation ===

To run a forward simulation, do the following:
  
1. make sure, you have the parameter files in the directory ''in_data_files/''. 
Most parameters in the ''Par_file'' should be set before running the database generation. 
The following may be changed after running ''xgenerate_databases'':

  # forward or adjoint simulation
  SIMULATION_TYPE                 = 1   # 1 = forward, 2 = adjoint, 3 = both simultaneously
  NOISE_TOMOGRAPHY                = 0   # 0 = earthquake simulation,  1/2/3 = three steps in noise simulation
  SAVE_FORWARD                    = .false.  
  
  # time step parameters
  NSTEP                           = 1000
  DT                              = 0.05
  
  # absorbing boundary conditions for a regional simulation
  ABSORBING_CONDITIONS            = .false.
  
  # save AVS or OpenDX movies
  MOVIE_SURFACE                   = .false.
  MOVIE_VOLUME                    = .false.
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_FRAMES           = 200
  CREATE_SHAKEMAP                 = .false.
  SAVE_DISPLACEMENT               = .false.
  USE_HIGHRES_FOR_MOVIES          = .false.
  HDUR_MOVIE                      = 0.0
  
  # interval at which we output time step info and max of norm of displacement
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_OUTPUT_INFO      = 500
  
  # interval in time steps for writing of seismograms
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_OUTPUT_SEISMOS   = 10000
  
  # interval in time steps for reading adjoint traces
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_READ_ADJSRC      = 0      # 0 = read the whole adjoint sources at the same time
  
  # print source time function
  PRINT_SOURCE_TIME_FUNCTION      = .false.

2. in case you can run parallel programs on your desktop (needs an MPI installation), you can run the executable like:
  [homogeneous_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ mpirun -np 4 ./xspecfem3D

this example should take about 5 minutes to finish the simulation.  
    
3. check the output file ''output_solver.txt'' in the output directory ''in_out_files/OUTPUT_FILES/'' to see if the forward simulation was successfully finishing.  

the seismograms will look like this, using gnu plot:

  gnuplot> plot "X10.DB.BXZ.semd" w l,"X20.DB.BXZ.semd" w l,"X30.DB.BXZ.semd" w l

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:homogeneous_seismograms.jpg?direct&500|}}

==== Tutorial 2: Waterlayered halfspace ====

The following instructions assume that you have installed [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D]] and familiarized yourself with how you will run the package based on your computer configuration, as detailed in the [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D User manual]] (Chapter 2 provides installation help). Additionally, we will make use of an external, hexahedral mesher [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]. Please make sure you have these packages installed on your system.

The example is distributed with the package under the examples/ directory. However, you might need to edit these example scripts slightly to launch them on your system.

=== Waterlayered halfspace ===

This is a step-by-step tutorial how to create a mesh for a layered halfspace with a water layer on top, export it into a [[http://geodynamics.org/cig/software/specfem3d/|SPECFEM3D]] file format and run the mesh partitioning and database generation.

=== Meshing ===

In the following, we will run a python script within [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]] to create the needed mesh files for the partitioner.

1. change your working directory to the example folder:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/waterlayered_halfspace

2. start the graphical user interface (GUI) of [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]:  
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ claro

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit12.jpg?direct&640|}}
  
3. run the python file:
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file "waterlayer_mesh_boundary_fig8.py"

4. in case the script executed successfully, it should create you three volumes with a refined mesh for the top layer, a triplication layer and a coarser mesh layer at the bottom:

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_waterlayered.jpg?direct&640|}}

check that the script created a new folder "MESH/" containing the files:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ ls -1 MESH/
  absorbing_surface_file_bottom
  absorbing_surface_file_xmax
  absorbing_surface_file_xmin
  absorbing_surface_file_ymax
  absorbing_surface_file_ymin
  free_surface_file
  materials_file
  mesh_file
  nodes_coords_file
  nummaterial_velocity_file

you can also check if the export was successful by examining the output in the Command line window of CUBIT. The sensitive part should look like

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_commandline_waterlayered.jpg?direct&400|}}

5. optionally, you could modify the material properties of the model, either in CUBIT or in the newly created material file:

* changing the block properties in CUBIT

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_properties_waterlayered.jpg?direct&400|}}

the following table applies for **acoustic** material properties:

^ **Name** ^ block name must start with "acoustic" for acoustic materials followed by a unique identifier ''material_id'' ^
| **Attribute 1**  | Material ID |
| **Attribute 2**  | P-wave speed |
| **Attribute 3**  | S-wave speed is ignored, set to zero |
| **Attribute 4**  | Density |

the following table applies for **elastic** material properties:

^ **Name** ^ block name must start with "elastic" for elastic materials followed by a unique identifier ''material_id'' ^
| **Attribute 1**  | Material ID |
| **Attribute 2**  | P-wave speed |
| **Attribute 3**  | S-wave speed |
| **Attribute 4**  | Density |
| **Attribute 5**  | Quality factor |
| **Attribute 6**  | Anisotropy flag |

Once you changed the properties, you will have to re-export the mesh. This can be done, using the script ''run_cubit2specfem3d.py'':
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file "run_cubit2specfem3d.py"

This should refresh the files in directory "MESH/".

* directly modifing the file ''nummaterial_velocity_file'' in the ''MESH/'' directory:
  1   1          1028.000000          1480.000000             0.000000             0.000000  0
  2   2          3200.000000          7500.000000          4300.000000          9000.000000  0
  2   3          3200.000000          7500.000000          4300.000000          9000.000000  0

this file defines the material properties. the format is:

^ **Domain_id**                  ^ **Material_id** ^ **Density**         ^ **P-wave speed**  ^ **S-wave speed**      ^ **Quality factor**  ^ **Anisotropy_flag**            ^
| 1 = acoustic, | unique material | density             | wave speed in m/s | wave speed in m/s | Quality factor, | flag for anisotropy model, |
| 2 = elastic       | identifier      | in kg/m<sup>3</sup> |                   | (ignored for acoustic materials) | 0 = no attenuation  | 0 = no anisotropy              |

----

=== Setting up example folder for simulations ===

We will set up the example folder for simulation runs: 

* databases directory:
create a directory ''in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/'' into which you will put the mesh partitions:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/waterlayered_halfspace
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ mkdir -p in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI

* parameter files:
make sure you have the parameter files in a local directory ''in_data_files/'' for the example:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ ls -1 in_data_files/
  Par_file
  CMTSOLUTION
  STATIONS

these files should already be provided in the example folder.

* executables: 
compile the executables in the root directory:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/
  [SPECFEM3D]$ make

in case the compilation was successful, it will create the executables ''xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH'', ''xgenerate_databases'' and ''xspecfem3D'' in the ''bin/'' directory
    
and create a local directory ''bin/'' to link the executables from the root directory:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/waterlayered_halfspace
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ mkdir -p bin    
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xgenerate_databases
  [bin]$ ln -s ../../../bin/xspecfem3D

All these steps and the following decomposition, database generation and solver run are put in a ''process.sh'' bash script file in the example folder. You can simply run the script:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ ./process.sh
to do the setup and following steps for you. Please modify and adapt the script to your needs.

----

=== Mesh partitioning ===

In this example, we will partition the mesh for 4 CPU cores.
  
run the mesh partitioner:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ ./bin/xdecompose_mesh_SCOTCH 4 MESH/ in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/

check that this created the mesh partitions:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ ls -1 in_out_files/DATABASES_MPI/
  proc000000_Database
  proc000001_Database
  proc000002_Database
  proc000003_Database  

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:scotch_partitions_waterlayered.jpg?direct&400|}}

You are done.

----

=== Database generation ===

Next, you will need to create the mesh databases.

1. in case you can run parallel programs on your desktop (needs an MPI installation), you can run the executable like:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ mpirun -np 4 ./xgenerate_databases

otherwise, you will need to modify and adapt one of the cluster scripts provided in the ''SPECFEM3D/utils/Cluster/'' directory.

2. check the output file ''in_out_files/OUTPUT_FILES/output_mesher.txt'' to see if the databases were generated successfully.
  The output file contains the suggested time step for your mesh:
  Verification of simulation parameters 
  ...
  Minimum period resolved =   1.632425 
  **Maximum suggested time step =   5.1801954E-03** 

----

=== Forward simulation === 

To run a forward simulation, do the following:
  
1. make sure, you have the parameter files in the directory ''in_data_files/''.
Most parameters in the ''Par_file'' should be set before running the database generation.
The following may be changed after running ''xgenerate_databases'':
  
  # forward or adjoint simulation
  SIMULATION_TYPE                 = 1   # 1 = forward, 2 = adjoint, 3 = both simultaneously
  NOISE_TOMOGRAPHY                = 0   # 0 = earthquake simulation,  1/2/3 = three steps in noise simulation
  SAVE_FORWARD                    = .false.  
  
  # time step parameters
  NSTEP                           = 4500
  DT                              = 0.005
  
  # absorbing boundary conditions for a regional simulation
  ABSORBING_CONDITIONS            = .true.
  
  # save AVS or OpenDX movies
  MOVIE_SURFACE                   = .false.
  MOVIE_VOLUME                    = .false.
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_FRAMES           = 200
  CREATE_SHAKEMAP                 = .false.
  SAVE_DISPLACEMENT               = .false.
  USE_HIGHRES_FOR_MOVIES          = .false.
  HDUR_MOVIE                      = 0.0
  
  # interval at which we output time step info and max of norm of displacement
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_OUTPUT_INFO      = 500
  
  # interval in time steps for writing of seismograms
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_OUTPUT_SEISMOS   = 10000
  
  # interval in time steps for reading adjoint traces
  NTSTEP_BETWEEN_READ_ADJSRC      = 0      # 0 = read the whole adjoint sources at the same time
  
  # print source time function
  PRINT_SOURCE_TIME_FUNCTION      = .false.

2. in case you can run parallel programs on your desktop (needs an MPI installation), you can run the executable like:
  [waterlayered_halfspace]$ cd bin/
  [bin]$ mpirun -np 4 ./xspecfem3D

note, this example should take about 1 hour 45 minutes to finish the simulation.  
  
  
3. check the output file ''output_solver.txt'' in the output directory ''in_out_files/OUTPUT_FILES/'' 
  to see if the forward simulation was successfully finishing.  

  the seismograms will look like this, using gnuplot:
  gnuplot> plot "X10.DB.BXZ.semd" w l,"X20.DB.BXZ.semd" w l,"X30.DB.BXZ.semd" w l

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:waterlayered_seismograms.jpg?direct&500|}}

==== Tutorial 3: Mount St. Helens ====

The following instructions assume that you have installed "SPECFEM3D":../../specfem3d and familiarized yourself with how you will run the package based on your computer configuration, as detailed in the "SPECFEM3D User manual":http://www.geodynamics.org/wsvn/cig/seismo/3D/SPECFEM3D/trunk/doc/USER_MANUAL/manual_SPECFEM3D.pdf?op=file&rev=0&sc=0 (Chapter 2 provides installation help). Additionally, we will make use of an external, hexahedral mesher [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]. Please make sure you have these packages installed on your system.

The example is distributed with the package under the examples/ directory. However, you might need to edit these example scripts slightly to launch them on your system.

=== Mount St. Helens ===

This is a step-by-step tutorial how to create a mesh for a region around Mount St. Helens, export it into a "SPECFEM3D":../../specfem3d file format and run the mesh partitioning and database generation.

Change to the example directory
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/Mount_StHelens

Please also see the README file in this example directory. An example topography file "ptopo.mean.utm" is provided as well, in the following we explain in detail how to construct such a file. 

=== Downloading topography data ===

  You can get [[http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org|SRTM]] 90m Digital Elevation Data for a region of interest at: [[http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org|http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org]]

For this example, we choose Mount St.Helens as region of interest.
Mount St. Helens is located at: 46.197 N 122.186 W
This region is contained in a downloadable file ''srtm_12_03.zip'', which you will have to download from 
[[http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/SELECTION/inputCoord.asp|http://srtm.csi.cgiar.org/SELECTION/inputCoord.asp]]
using the region of interest:   
  Latitude min: 45 N  max: 50 N
  Longitude min: 125 W max: 120 W 

unzipping the file
  [Mount_StHelens]$ unzip srtm_12_03.zip

leads to:
  ..
  srtm_12_03.tif
  ..


=== Converting Geotif topography data ===

  To convert the Geotif-file into an ''longitude/latitude/elevation'' format, you can use the
package "FWTools":http://fwtools.maptools.org/ at: "http://fwtools.maptools.org/":http://fwtools.maptools.org/

Install the package and use their ''gdal2xyz'' executable to extract
the tif file into xyz format:
  <pre>
  [Mount_StHelens]$ FWTools-2.0.6/bin_safe/gdal2xyz.py srtm_12_03.tif > srtm_12_03.xyz </pre>

the newly created file ''srtm_12_03.xyz'' has now the format: 
  <pre>
  #longitude #latitude #elevation (m)</pre>

the file size is ~ 963 MB.


Extracting the region of interest

  To further extract and manipulate the topography data, you can use the
package "GMT":http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/ at: "http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/":http://gmt.soest.hawaii.edu/

  For our purpose, the region of interest will be: 
  <pre>
  -R-122.3/-122.1/46.1/46.3//</pre>

that is a region of ~23 km x 23 km extent.

<p align="center"><a href="figures/mount-sthelens.jpg/image_view"><img src="figures/mount-sthelens.jpg" width=300 ></a></p>

Using the ''blockmean'' executable from the GMT package, we extract and interpolate the topography data for the detailed region, using an interpolated grid spacing of 0.006 degrees (~ 700 m):
  <pre>
  [Mount_StHelens]$ blockmean srtm_12_03.xyz -R-122.3/-122.1/46.1/46.3 -I0.006/0.006 > ptopo.mean.xyz </pre>

This will create a new file ''ptopo.mean.xyz'' with a ''longitude/latitude/elevation'' format
of the region of interest


Converting to Cartesian coordinates 

  Since the CUBIT mesh will need Cartesian coordinates, we convert the topography file from ''longitude/latitude/elevation'' to ''X/Y/Z'' coordinates using a UTM projection.
Mount St.Helens lies in the UTM zone: 10 (T).

Use the script "convert_lonlat2utm.pl" provided in this example folder:
  <pre>
  [Mount_StHelens]$ ./convert_lonlat2utm.pl ptopo.mean.xyz 10 > ptopo.mean.utm </pre>
  
to create a new file ''ptopo.mean.utm'' which will have a file format: 
  <pre>
  #UTM_X (m) #UTM_Y (m) #Z (m)</pre>
  
<p align="center"><a href="figures/mount-sthelens-views.jpg/image_view"><img src="figures/mount-sthelens-views.jpg" width=400 ></a></p>

----

=== Meshing ===

In the following, we will run a python script within [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]] to create the needed mesh files for the partitioner.

1. if not done so yet, change your working directory to the example folder:
  []$ cd SPECFEM3D/examples/Mount_StHelens

2. start the graphical user interface (GUI) of [[http://cubit.sandia.gov/|CUBIT]]:  
  [Mount_StHelens]$ claro

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit12.jpg?direct&640|}}
  
3. run the python file "read_topo.py":
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file 'read_topo.py'

The script creates a topography surface ''topo.stl'' in STL file format as well as ''topo.cub'' based on file ''ptopo.mean.utm''.

4. run the python file "mesh_mount.py":
  use the (Play Journal File) button and open the file 'mesh_mount.py'

In case the script executed successfully, it should create you a single volume with a refined mesh for the top layer, a triplication layer and a coarser mesh at the bottom.

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:cubit_mountsthelens.jpg?direct&640|}}

check that the script created a new folder "MESH/" containing the files:
  [Mount_StHelens]$ ls -1 MESH/
  absorbing_surface_file_bottom
  absorbing_surface_file_xmax
  absorbing_surface_file_xmin
  absorbing_surface_file_ymax
  absorbing_surface_file_ymin
  free_surface_file
  materials_file
  mesh_file
  nodes_coords_file
  nummaterial_velocity_file

you can also check if the export was successful by examining the output in the Command line window of CUBIT. 

----

Setting up example folder for simulations 

  We will set up the example folder for simulation runs: All the steps and following decomposition, database generation and solver run are put in a ''process.sh'' bash script file in the example folder. 

1. In case you can run parallel programs on your desktop (needs an MPI installation), you can simply run the script:
  [Mount_StHelens]$ ./process.sh

to do the setup and following steps for you. The simulation will run on 4 CPU cores by default. Please modify and adapt the script to your needs.

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:mountsthelens_partitions.jpg?direct&400|}}

Note, this example should take about 15 minutes to finish the simulation.  
  
2. check the output file ''output_solver.txt'' in the output directory ''in_out_files/OUTPUT_FILES/'' to see if the forward simulation was successfully finishing.  

the seismograms will look like this, using gnuplot:
  gnuplot> plot "X10.DB.HXZ.semd" w l,"X20.DB.HXZ.semd" w l,"X30.DB.HXZ.semd" w l,"X40.DB.HXZ.semd" w l

{{:software:specfem3d:tutorial:mountsthelens_seismograms.jpg?direct&500|}}
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